Creatine Kinase B
Creatine Kinase (CK) is also known as Creatine phosphokinase. Creatine kinase has the most content in skeletal muscle, myocardium, and smooth muscle, followed by brain tissue, and less in gastrointestinal tract, lung and kidney. Creatine kinase mainly exists in the cytoplasm and mitochondria. It is an important kinase that is directly related to intracellular energy movement, muscle contraction, and ATP regeneration.
Obesity is a state caused by excessive accumulation of fat in the body, usually caused by excessive food intake or changes in the body's metabolism. A person's weight is determined by the number and size of fat cells, which can be divided into two types: white fat cells, which store excess calories, and brown fat cells, which break down white fat that causes obesity. Activating brown fat cells to produce heat and increase body energy consumption has become a research hotspot in the treatment of obesity and metabolism-related diseases.
The meaningless creatine cycle refers to the process in which mitochondrial creatine kinase transfers high-energy phosphate bonds on ATP to creatine to generate phosphocreatine and ADP, and then phosphatase hydrolyses phosphocreatine to regenerate creatine and continue to participate in a new round of ineffective cycle. Previous studies have shown that this link can drive the heat-producing respiration of fat cells, however, the key protein in this ineffective circulation has not yet been determined.
Recently, researchers from McGill University in Canada published an article titled "Creatine kinase B controls futile creatine cycling in thermogenic fat" in the top journal "Nature", revealing the key protein that regulates the meaningless creatine cycle in fat cells— -Creatine kinase B (CKB), and verified the important role of CKB on fat cell heat production and metabolism.
Researchers first used the isotope method to study the activity of creatine kinase in brown adipocytes and found that brown adipocytes showed strong creatine kinase activity. Researchers first used the isotope method to study the activity of creatine kinase in brown adipocytes and found that brown adipocytes showed strong creatine kinase activity. And through quantitative proteomics, it was further confirmed that CKB is the most abundant creatine kinase in brown adipocyte.
In order to further study the physiological regulation of CKB expression in adipocytes, the researchers exposed mice to a cold environment (6°C) and a high temperature environment (30°C), and found that in cold-exposed brown adipose tissue, CKB mRNA The significant increase in the level of CKB indicates that CKB participates in the thermogenesis process of brown fat cells.
Studies have shown that the process of fat thermogenesis is regulated by cAMP and promoted through the β3-adrenergic pathway. Researchers used pharmacological stimulation of β3-adrenergic receptors and found that the level of CKB mRNA increased significantly, indicating that CKB expression is downstream of the cAMP-mediated heat production pathway and regulates the production of CKB protein content.
Next, the researchers used shRNAs to silence the expression of the CKB gene and found that knocking down CKB would not affect the differentiation of brown adipocytes, but would reduce the cell's oxygen consumption, indicating that CKB mainly regulates the degradation of mitochondrial ATP. At the same time, knocking down CKB will not change the respiration of non-thermogenic cells, and creatine kinase other than CKB will not change the respiration of brown adipocytes, indicating that CKB selectively regulates the respiration of brown adipocytes. Quantitative proteomics and subcellular localization further confirmed that CKB is widespread in mitochondria.
Subsequently, the researchers determined that the meaningless creatine cycle is a unique feature of thermogenic adipocytes, and verified that CKB, as the mitochondrial creatine kinase in adipocytes, is necessary for the meaningless creatine cycle. By building mice with CKB knockout genes, the researchers found that when given a given diet, the knockout mice accumulated more fat, were more likely to be obese, had higher fasting blood sugar and had impaired insulin sensitivity. This shows that CKB can promote metabolic health.
In general, this study shows that CKB is the most active of all creatine kinases in the process of fat cell heat production. By regulating the production of CKB, it may be possible to reduce the complications caused by obesity. Therefore, it is particularly important to measure the content of CKB effectively and accurately. At present, Wuxi Donglin Sci & Tech Development Co.,Ltd. has developed a variety of Elisa products related to creatine kinase B, If you want to know information about creatine kinase B Elisa kits, you can directly visit the website:
http://www.dldevelop.com/uploadfile/data/DL-CKB-Hu.pdf
http://www.dldevelop.com/uploadfile/data/DL-CKB-Mu.pdf
Obesity is a state caused by excessive accumulation of fat in the body, usually caused by excessive food intake or changes in the body's metabolism. A person's weight is determined by the number and size of fat cells, which can be divided into two types: white fat cells, which store excess calories, and brown fat cells, which break down white fat that causes obesity. Activating brown fat cells to produce heat and increase body energy consumption has become a research hotspot in the treatment of obesity and metabolism-related diseases.
The meaningless creatine cycle refers to the process in which mitochondrial creatine kinase transfers high-energy phosphate bonds on ATP to creatine to generate phosphocreatine and ADP, and then phosphatase hydrolyses phosphocreatine to regenerate creatine and continue to participate in a new round of ineffective cycle. Previous studies have shown that this link can drive the heat-producing respiration of fat cells, however, the key protein in this ineffective circulation has not yet been determined.
Recently, researchers from McGill University in Canada published an article titled "Creatine kinase B controls futile creatine cycling in thermogenic fat" in the top journal "Nature", revealing the key protein that regulates the meaningless creatine cycle in fat cells— -Creatine kinase B (CKB), and verified the important role of CKB on fat cell heat production and metabolism.
Researchers first used the isotope method to study the activity of creatine kinase in brown adipocytes and found that brown adipocytes showed strong creatine kinase activity. Researchers first used the isotope method to study the activity of creatine kinase in brown adipocytes and found that brown adipocytes showed strong creatine kinase activity. And through quantitative proteomics, it was further confirmed that CKB is the most abundant creatine kinase in brown adipocyte.
In order to further study the physiological regulation of CKB expression in adipocytes, the researchers exposed mice to a cold environment (6°C) and a high temperature environment (30°C), and found that in cold-exposed brown adipose tissue, CKB mRNA The significant increase in the level of CKB indicates that CKB participates in the thermogenesis process of brown fat cells.
Studies have shown that the process of fat thermogenesis is regulated by cAMP and promoted through the β3-adrenergic pathway. Researchers used pharmacological stimulation of β3-adrenergic receptors and found that the level of CKB mRNA increased significantly, indicating that CKB expression is downstream of the cAMP-mediated heat production pathway and regulates the production of CKB protein content.
Next, the researchers used shRNAs to silence the expression of the CKB gene and found that knocking down CKB would not affect the differentiation of brown adipocytes, but would reduce the cell's oxygen consumption, indicating that CKB mainly regulates the degradation of mitochondrial ATP. At the same time, knocking down CKB will not change the respiration of non-thermogenic cells, and creatine kinase other than CKB will not change the respiration of brown adipocytes, indicating that CKB selectively regulates the respiration of brown adipocytes. Quantitative proteomics and subcellular localization further confirmed that CKB is widespread in mitochondria.
Subsequently, the researchers determined that the meaningless creatine cycle is a unique feature of thermogenic adipocytes, and verified that CKB, as the mitochondrial creatine kinase in adipocytes, is necessary for the meaningless creatine cycle. By building mice with CKB knockout genes, the researchers found that when given a given diet, the knockout mice accumulated more fat, were more likely to be obese, had higher fasting blood sugar and had impaired insulin sensitivity. This shows that CKB can promote metabolic health.
In general, this study shows that CKB is the most active of all creatine kinases in the process of fat cell heat production. By regulating the production of CKB, it may be possible to reduce the complications caused by obesity. Therefore, it is particularly important to measure the content of CKB effectively and accurately. At present, Wuxi Donglin Sci & Tech Development Co.,Ltd. has developed a variety of Elisa products related to creatine kinase B, If you want to know information about creatine kinase B Elisa kits, you can directly visit the website:
http://www.dldevelop.com/uploadfile/data/DL-CKB-Hu.pdf
http://www.dldevelop.com/uploadfile/data/DL-CKB-Mu.pdf
